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四、高考英语【定语从句】专项训练答案及解析 25题
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四、高考英语【定语从句】专项训练答案及解析 25题

四、高考英语【定语从句】专项训练答案及解析 25题 高考英语定语从句专项训练解析含答案 一、选择题 1.The art festival is an annual event ______ the students can show off their talents. A.where B.that C.which D.As 解析:A 【详解】 考查定语从句

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四、高考英语【定语从句】专项训练答案及解析 25题

高考英语定语从句专项训练解析含答案

一、选择题

1.The
art festival is an annual event ______ the students can show off
their talents.

A.where B.that C.which D.As

解析:A

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:艺术节是一个一年一度的节日,同学们都在艺术节上施展才艺。句中先行词为event,为抽象地点名词,在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故选A。

【点睛】

分析定语从句关键抓住两点:第一、找准先行词;第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词,如本题中先行词为抽象名词event,再分析先行词event在定语从句中所作的成分,将先行词event带到从句中可知只能作地点状语,故确定关系词where,相当于in
which。

2.Many

nurses, ______ were retired, headed for affected areas to help.

A.most
of which B.most
of whom

C.most
of them D.most
of who

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:许多护士,其中大多数是退休的,前往灾区提供救援。分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是Many
nurses,指人,关系词在从句中作介词的宾语,故选most
of whom,故选B项。

3.Among
the many dangers__________ sailors have to face, probably the
greatest of all is fog.

A.which B.what

C.where D.When

解析:A

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:在水手不得不面对的许多危险中,可能最大的是雾霾。由句子意思可分析出,sailors
have to face作定语,修饰先行词the
many dangers,且从句缺少宾语(face...),要用关系代词。因此A选项正确。

【点睛】

本题考查定语从句中which的用法,which所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等也就是说做题时要注意句子中是否缺少主语。宾语等成分,然后判断关系代词,学生要注意分析定语从句在不同情况下的应用,才能面对更多的题型。

4.The
president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students
were able to choose their own courses of study.

A.on
which B.about
which C.to
which D.by
which

解析:D

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:哈佛大学的校长率先推出了选修课,学生可以选择自己的课程。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词system,且根据此处表示“学生可以借助系统选择自己的课程”,表示“借助”应用介词by,做介词的宾语且指“系统”应用关系代词which。故选D。

5.He
bought a new building _____top is different from those of the others
around.

A.what B.which C.that D.Whose

解析:D

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:他买了一幢新楼,它的顶部和周围其他的不同。句中包含定语从句,先行词是building,_____top
is different from those of the others
around是定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作top的定语,指楼的顶部,用关系代词whose引导。故选D。

6.Liberty,
equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have
been fighting.

A.to
which B.against
which C.with
which D.for
which

解析:D

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子,此处考查介词加关系代词时,介词的选择。从句fight译为“奋斗”,根据句意译为“为…...奋斗”为fight
for,是固定搭配。for可提至关系代词which前。故选D项。

7.Companies
should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor
their control environments adequately.

A.on
which B.in
which C.to
which D.with
which

解析:C

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to可提至关系代词which前。故选C项。

8.The
students in Shanghai are using the same textbooks _______ we are now
using.

A.as B.that C.which D.Whose

解析:A

【详解】

考查定语从句关系代词。句意:上海的学生使用的教科书和我们现在使用的一样。分析句子结构可知,“we
are now
using”在句中作定语,修饰名词textbooks,先行词textbooks在定语从句中作宾语,textbooks前由the
same修饰,需用关系代词as。故选A。

9.Last
week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to
buy it.

A.neither
of them B.both
of them

C.none
of whom D.neither
of whom

解析:D

【详解】

考查代词和定语从句。句意:上周,只有两个人来看这所房子,他们都不想买。分析句子,前句提到“two
people”表示两个人,故排除C项,none指三者或者三者以上都不。划线前的“逗号”不可同时放下两个简单句。故排除A和B项。再根据定语从句引导词作用之一,连接主从句。且此处表示两者都不。先行词为two
people ,作of的宾语。关系代词为whom。故选D项。

10.Sales
director is a position _______ communication ability is just as
important as sales.

A.which B.that C.when D.Where

解析:D

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售能力同样重要的职位。分析句子结构,_______
communication ability is just as important as sales.是一个限定性定语从句,修饰先行词a
position,关系词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where。故选D。

11.All
of us were so excited at the news ____we’ll go abroad for holidays
___we jumped with joy.

A.that;
that B.what;
and then

C.what;
that D.which;
so

解析:A

【详解】

考查名词性从句和定语从句的用法。句意:当听到我们将去国外度假的消息时,我们大家都如此的兴奋,以至于都欢呼雀跃起来。第一空,这个消息就是即将去国外度假这件事情,它们之间是同位语关系,故用that引导同位语从句。而我们欢呼雀跃的目的是去度假这件事情。第二空考查so
… that …“如此……以至于……”。所以用that引导定语从句。故选A。

12.China
Today attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and
more people all over the world want to learn about China.

A.who B.whom

C.that D.Which

解析:D

【详解】

考查非限制性定语从句。句意:中国日报有着全球的读者群,这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国.根据句式结构来看出现了逗号,说明这是一个非限制性定语从句。首先that不能引导非限制性定语从句,who在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和宾语,指人,而whom也指人,却只能做宾语。which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。关系词代指前面的中国日报,在定语从句中做主语。故选D。

考点:考查非限制性定语从句

【名师点睛】

关系词的选择,最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分,而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词,如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where,同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。which在非限制性定语从句中通常是代指前面整个句子或者一个较长的词语,并且在从句中做主语。

13.Car
races are recorded and uploaded to YouTube and other video platforms,
______________ they can be viewed repeatedly.

A.which B.where C.when D.There

解析:B

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:赛车比赛被记录下来并上传到YouTube和其他视频平台上,在那里可以反复观看。此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是YouTube
and other video platforms,关系词在从句中做地点状语,应使用关系副词where引导。故选B。

14.We
won’t forget the heroes ________ lost their lives while fighting
against a forest fire.

A.who B.whose C.when D.Why

解析:A

【解析】

考查定语从句。句意:我们不会忘记在与森林大火搏斗中牺牲的英雄们。分析句子结构,设空处引导定语从句,从句缺少主语,需用关系代词引导,排除C项和D项;whose表示“谁的”,后面需要加名词形成主语。先行词the
heroes指人,需用关系代词who引导。故选A。

【点睛】

分析定语从句关键抓住两点:第一、找准先行词;第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词,如本题中先行词为名词heroes,再分析先行词heroes在定语从句中所作的成分,将先行词heroes带到从句中可知,先行词在从句中作主语。故选A。

15.I
don't think he is the suitable person,for
he____experience,____is
essential for the job.

A.lacks;which B.lacking;as

C.lacks
of;which D.lacked;that

解析:A

【详解】

考查时态和定语从句。句意:我认为他不是合适的人,因为他缺乏做这项工作所必需的经验。动词lack为及物动词,此处在说一个客观事实,所以句子用一般现在时态,且主语是he,单数第三人称,第一空填lacks;experience是先行词,指物,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以第二空填which。故选A。

16.The
book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at
work ________ a good impression is a must.

A.which B.when C.as D.Where

解析:D

【详解】

考查定语从句用法。句意:这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助,尤其在工作中,良好的印象是必须的。句中的先行词为work,在从句a
good impression is must中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。故D正确。

17.The
commander got a chance to visit the mountain_____ top was covered
with thick snow ,____ he had been dreaming of for years.

A.that;
which B.whose
; which

C.of
which ; what D.of
whom ;that

解析:B

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:那位指挥官终于有机会登上那座山,山顶被厚厚的积雪覆盖,这是他多年来的梦想。分析句子结构,“_____
top was covered with thick snow”是定语从句,先行词是the
mountain,关系词在从句中作定语,应用whose引导定语从句,意思为“……的”;
“____
he had been dreaming of for
years”也是定语从句,关系词指代前面整个句子的内容,应用which引导定语从句,意思为“这件事,这一点”。
故选B项。

18.Even
Amundsen was moved by Scott's death saying "Captain Scott left a
record, for honesty, sincerity, for bravery, for everything
_______makes a man".

A.that B.which C.who D.不填

解析:A

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:就连阿蒙森也被斯科特的死感动了,他说:“斯科特上尉留下了一份记录,记录了他的诚实、真诚、勇敢,造就了一个人的一切。分析句子,定语从句部分缺主语,引导词用关系代词且不可省略。故可排除D项。再根据先行词指物可排除C项。本题定语从句的先行词为复合不定代词everything故引导词只能为that不用which。综合分析,故选A项。

19.There
was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a
gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.

A.while B.as C.when D.Unless

解析:C

【详解】

考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是there
was a time when,先行词是time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用when引导定语从句。故选C。

20.The
anti-epidemic fight is like a time-limited race _______ all medical
care personnel make every effort to people's lives.

A.that B.when C.which D.Where

解析:D

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:抗疫之战就像一场限时赛,在这场比赛中所有的医护人员都为拯救人们的生命付出了努力。A.
that关系代词;B.
when关系副词;C.
which关系代词;D.
where关系副词。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句,关系词代替先行词race在从句中充当地点状语,应用关系副词where,故选D项。

21.Faye’s
fondest memory is of last year, ______ the club gave a tea party for
her birthday.

A.that B.which C.where D.When

解析:D

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:Faye最美好的记忆是去年,那时俱乐部为她的生日举行了茶话会。A.
that关系代词;B.
which关系代词;C.
where关系副词;D.
when关系副词。分析句子可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,关系词代替先行词last
year,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系词副词when。故选D项。

22.The

students enjoyed this new game, _________ was named after the school.

A.where B.whose C.which D.Who

解析:C

【详解】

考查非限定性定语从句。句意:学生们很喜欢这个以学校命名的新游戏。此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代先行词this
new game(指物),并在从句中作主语,故C项正确。

23.I'm
glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you,without______my experiment would
have ended in failure.

A.whom
help me B.his
help

C.whose
help D.who
help

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:我很高兴把史密斯先生介绍给你,如果没有他的帮助,我的实验就会失败。这是个非限制性定语从句,先行词为Mr
Smith,指人,结合选项所给词help可知,关系词在从句中作定语,用whose引导。故选C。

24.What

surprised me was not what he said but the way _______ he said it.

A.that B.in
that

C.what D.Where

解析:A

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:使我惊奇的不是他说什么而是他说话的方式。分析句子可知,____ he said it 是定语从句,先行词是the way,引导词用that 或in which或省略。故选A项。

25.I

saw a man shouting at a driver, ________ the car is blocking the
street.

A.whose B.of
whom C.of
which D.whom

解析:B

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:我看见一个人对着司机大喊大叫,因为司机的车堵在街上。本句为非限定定语从句,先行词为a
driver,指人,在从句作the
car的定语,所以用介词of
+关系代词whom。the
car of whom = whose car。故选B。